Secondary (Rechargeable) Batteries
1.2V
16mAh to 15000mAh
Cylindrical, Prismatic
Relatively inexpensive
Standard 14-16 hour or fast charging
Large range of available sizes
Good voltage stability during discharge
Typical 500+ cycle life to 80% capacity
Series connection for higher voltages
High temperature cells are available
No memory effect
Contains no restricted metals
Use not restricted by the Battery Directive
Affected by high temperatures, less suited to trickle charge, must be stored in a charged state. Slightly higher self discharge than Ni-Cd
Communications, medical devices, pumps, portable lighting, telemetry, security devices, medical equipment, military equipment
1.2V
150mAh to 5500mAh
Cylindrical
Inexpensive
Standard 14-16 hour or fast charging
Tolerant to over-charge
Large range of available sizes
Good high drain performance
No maintenance required during storage, charged or discharged
Operation to 70°C
Good voltage stability during discharge
Typical 500+ cycle life to 80% capacity
Series connection for higher voltages
High temperature cells are available
Application restricted by Batteries Directive for new and existing designs www.defra.gov.uk/environment/waste/topics/batteries proposed mid 2007
Memory effect possible if not regularly fully cycled
Parallel connection not recommended
Power tools, emergency lighting, communications, medical devices, pumps, motors, portable lighting
2.0V per cell
0.8Ah to 100+ Ah
ABS cased
Low Cost
Large range of capacities/sizes
Tolerant to trickle charging
Rugged construction
Sealed, no free electrolyte
Long float life (10 year typical)
Excellent deep discharge recovery
Series or parallel connection
Relatively low energy density, heavy, maintenance needed during prolonged storage, not able to fast charge, not suited to high current drain applications
Mobility equipment, security, emergency lighting, medical equipment, UPS systems
2.0V per cell
2.5Ah to 25Ah
Cylindrical, Monobloc
Good high rate performance
Wide range of operating temperatures (-65°C to +80°C)
Good cycle life
Fast charging without need to limit current
Exceptional float life (15 years at 20°C)
Series or parallel connection
Heavy, easily damaged if mishandled
Motors, pumps, lighting, security equipment, medical equipment, railways, horticultural equipment, military equipment
3.6V/3.7V
3mAh to 13000mAh
Cylindrical, prismatic, button
Series or parallel connection
Light weight
High energy density
Low self discharge
Require protection against over charge/discharge, care to be taken in use, mandatory compliance with shipping regulations, limited size availability
Military equipment, communications, telemetry, medical equipment, PDAs, notebooks, laptops, mobile phones
3.7V
340mAh to 1250mAh
Soft prismatic pouch
Series or parallel connection Slim profile
Lightweight
High energy density
Require protection against over charge/discharge, expand on full charge, manufacturers limited, availability led by ‘latest technology’ requirements
PDAs, Notebooks, MP3 players, security devices, communications, telematic devices
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